Hamlet, By William Shakespeare Essay - 1580 Words

In the play Hamlet by William Shakespeare, it is clear that Hamlet’s character is truly a puzzled one. It is no secret that Hamlet is displeased with his life and the relationships around him. William Shakespeare in evaluating Hamlet’s relationship with his mother Gertrude and lover Ophelia creates an interesting love-hate relationship. Gertrude and Ophelia both deeply care for Hamlet but he does not seem to recognize that love and is instead blinded by his father’s revenge. Throughout the play, Hamlet suffers a lot never truly searching for happiness and this sadness is combined also with the relationships he has with women. Hamlet’s distrust for women starts early in the play when he finds out that his mother Gertrude has remarried and to his father’s brother Claudius. He immediately becomes distrustful towards her and suspects her loyalty to his father. He interacts differently with the two women in his life and never is able to see neither Ophe lia’s nor Gertrude’s love as he thinks that they are too weak and dependent on men. In this essay, I will further examine and analyze Hamlet’s relationship with his mother and lover in order to show the relationship they have. Shakespeare does a great job at allowing his readers to understand Hamlet’s pain and broken relationship with his mother, Gertrude. There is sympathy towards Hamlet provided by Shakespeare to his readers to understand the discomfort Hamlet is going through when he thinks that King Henry deserves more thanShow MoreRelatedHamlet, By William Shakespeare880 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare is praised as the pioneering English poet and playwright whose collection of theatrical works is regarded as the greatest artistic value throughout the history of English literature. Shakespeare delved into the spiritual and mental component of humanity and the consequences that arise from this human spirit when it is disputed. The most famous revenge tragedy play, Hamlet, is an excellent illustration of Shakespeare’s philosophical study of human nature. In Hamlet, the arguableRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare899 Words   |  4 PagesWilliam Shakespeare, author of Hamlet, was a well-known author in the 1500s and is still popular today. He was born on April 24, 1564 in London, England. Although there were no birth records at that time, it shows he was baptized one year prior to that, which leads us to believe his birthday was in 1564 because children were normally baptized a year after their birth. Shakespeare’s writing style was very different than others at that time. He used many metaphors and rhetorical phrases, and most ofRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare996 Words   |  4 PagesHamlet, written by William Shakespeare, with out a doubt holds the most famous soliloquy in English history spoken by Hamlet in Act III, scene i, lines 57-90. This soliloquy holds much importance to the play as a whole because it ties together the reoccurring themes of suicide and Hamlet’s inaction portrayed by Shakespeare. Hamlet poses a problem, which is the driving force of the play: â€Å"To be or not to be?†(III.i.57). Shakespeare uses thi s logical question asked by Hamlet to drive out his underlyingRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1178 Words   |  5 Pages In William Shakespeare’s play Hamlet, the protagonist suffers from struggles with major characters, especially with the women in his life. While reading the play Hamlet, Hamlet appears to be a disillusioned man. Throughout the play, Shakespeare has only casted two females: Gertrude and Ophelia. Gertrude is defined to be incestuous, naà ¯ve and cold-hearted. On the other side, Ophelia is characterized to be ignorant, innocent and fearful. After the quick marriage of his mother and evil uncle, Hamlet’sRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1308 Words   |  6 PagesHamlet is arguably one of the greatest tragedies in all of literature and when most people think of tragic plays, they think of none other than the one who wrote it, William Shakespeare. This classic story of revenge excites it’s readers with its main character, Prince Hamlet, who goes through the unique human-like process of revenge that is often overlooked. Many other stories rely heavily on the logi c of good people doing good things and bad people doing bad things just for the sake of their natureRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare Essay1453 Words   |  6 PagesHamlet by William Shakespeare explores many aspects of mankind--death, betrayal, love, and mourning. Out of these, the most prominent theme in this play is death in the form of suicide. The main character, Hamlet, finds himself questioning the quality of life and the uncertainty of the afterlife once he discovers news of his father s death and the corruption in the kingdom that follows. Ophelia, Hamlet’s lover, is found dead later in the plot and is presumed to have committed suicide. In Hamlet’sRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1146 Words   |  5 PagesA character so complex, enticing and fascinating, his name is Hamlet. We are all Hamlet, and that, is the argument. Hamlet is an enigmatic character with many flaws. These flaws are the ones that prove similarities between us and him. A play so popular and significant is due to its huge relevance to us as a society. In the play Hamlet, William Shakespeare uses Hamlet’s character and metaphor to demonstrate that when one is left alone to their thoughts, these thoughts overtake reason. ConsequentlyRead MoreHamlet by William Shakespeare1456 Words   |  6 PagesThe play Hamlet, by William Shakespeare, takes place in a time where the impossible was a part of the lives of everyday people. Occurrences that people in the modern time would believe unbelievable. Yet, with just a quill and parchment Shakespeare’s is able to connect the past and present by weaving a plot with skill that is still unparalleled to this day. The play Hamlet this exceeds this expectation by revealing depth of Hamlets, the protagonists, character personality through the useRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare1920 Words   |  8 PagesIn the play Hamlet by William Shakespeare, the character Hamlet must deal with both external and internal conflict. Hamlet encounters many struggles and has trouble finding a way to deal with them. With so many corrupt people in his life, Hamlet feels as if there is no one that he can trust and begins to isolate himself from others. A result from this isolation leads Hamlet to become melancholy. Hamlet struggles with suicidal thoughts, wants to kill King Claudius, and is distraught over his mother’sRead MoreHamlet, By William Shakespeare846 Words   |  4 Pagesalways been a contemplative topic. In Hamlet, the main character Hamlet thinks to himself about suicide. Hamlet was written by William Shakespeare. Shakespeare wrote Hamlet between 1599 and 1602. William Shakespeare is one of the greatest playwrights in history. Hamlet is about Prince Hamlet of Denmark who is trying to find out about the death of his father after his father s ‘ghost’ comes to him telling him it was his uncle who had killed him. While Hamlet contemplates suicide he gives his famous

The Things They Carried By Tim O Brien - 1079 Words

In Tim O’Brien’s â€Å"The Things They Carried†, O’Brien created several allusions that each character endured during the Vietnam War. Throughout the story were vast representations of the things the soldiers carried both mentally and physically. The things they carried symbolized their individual roles internally and externally. In addition to the symbolism, imagination was a focal theme that stood out amongst the characters. This particular theme played a role as the silent killer amongst Lt. Cross and the platoon both individually and collectively as a group. The theme of imagination created an in depth look of how the war was perceived through each character which helped emphasize their thoughts from an emotional standpoint of being young men out at war. Imagination hindered the platoon which clouded their judgment and decision making. Instead of remaining focused their wandering mind lacked what was necessary, assessing the task at hand. â€Å"In some respects, though not many, the waiting was worse than the tunnel itself. Imagination was a killer.† (O’Brien 619) In relation to the quote â€Å"imagination was a killer†, this metaphor represents how the soldiers made situations like being in the tunnel mentally challenging for them. Paranoia quickly consumed their thoughts and emotions before partaking in the actual mission. The men envisioned awful scenarios that could occur which aided their tension to escalate. As a result, doubt and uncertainty about their performance was a majorShow MoreRelatedThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien892 Words   |  4 PagesThe Vietnam War was a long, exhausting, and traumatic experience for all of the soldiers and those who came with them. The Things They Carried, by Tim O Brien illustrates the different affects the war had on a variety of people: Jacqueline Navarra Rhoads, a former nurse during the Vietnam war, demonstrates these effects within her own memoir in the book, The Forgotten Veterans. Both sources exemplify many tribulations, while sharing a common thread of suffering from mental unpredictability. DesensitizationRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1377 Words   |  6 Pageslove to have it as good as we do. Tim O’Brien’s The Things They Carried discusses many veterans who experience the burden of shame and guilt daily due to their heroic actions taken during the Vietnam War. The book shows you how such a war can change a man before, during, and after it’s over.     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   As I reflect on the many conflicts America has been a part of, none can compare to the tragedies that occurred in The Vietnam war. As told in The Things They Carried (O’Brien), characters such as NormanRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1457 Words   |  6 Pagesthe theme pertains to everyone regardless of their background. It conveys the same ideas to people from all across our society. Lastly, a classic is timeless, which means it has transcended the time in which it was written. In Tim O’Brien’s novel, The Things They Carried, he offers a new, intriguing way to view war or just life in general and also meets all of the crucial requirements mentioned above to qualify it as a book of literary canon. Though this book is technically a war novel, many peopleRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1242 Words   |  5 Pagesâ€Å"Tim O’Brien is obsessed with telling a true war story. O Brien s fiction about the Vietnam experience suggest, lies not in realistic depictions or definitive accounts. As O’Brien argues, absolute occurrence is irrelevant because a true war story does not depend upon that kind of truth. Mary Ann’s induction into genuine experience is clearly destructive as well as empowering† (p.12) Tim O’s text, The Things they Carried, details his uses of word choice to portray his tone and bias. Tim O’BrienRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1169 Words   |  5 Pagesbut are set in the past and borrows things from that time period. A story that fits this genre of literature is The Things They Carried. The story is about Tim O Brien, a Vietnam veteran from the Unite States, who tells stories about what had happ ened when he and his team were stationed in Vietnam. He also talks about what he felt about the war when he was drafted and what he tried to do to avoid going to fight in Vietnam. The Things They Carried by Tim O Brien was precise with its portrayal of settingRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1004 Words   |  5 Pages Tim O’Brien is a veteran from of the Vietnam War, and after coming home from his duty he decided to be a writer. His work â€Å"The Things They Carried† is about a group of soldiers that are fighting in the Vietnam War. The first part of the story talks mostly about physical items that each soldier carries, and also mentions the weight of the items as well. Though, there is one exception to the list of physical things. Lieutenant Cross is a character of the story, and Tim O’ Brien quickly states theRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien896 Words   |  4 PagesTrouble without a doubt is what First Lieutenant Jimmy Cross c arried around his shoulders because he was out in war, where mistakes happen. Lost and unknown of his surroundings he had to lead his men into safety, while destroying anything they found. First Lieutenant Jimmy Cross only holds onto one thing for hope and that is Martha, the woman who he hopes is a virgin to come back to. Tim O’ Brien introduces symbolism by adding a character that has a meaning of purity and a pebble, which symbolizesRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien Essay832 Words   |  4 PagesSummary: â€Å"By and large they carried these things inside, maintaining the masks of composure† (21). In Tim O’brien’s The Things They Carried, the American soldiers of the Vietnam War carry much more than the weight of their equipment, much more than souvenirs or good-luck charms or letters from home. They carried within themselves the intransitive burdens—of fear, of cowardice, of love, of loneliness, of anger, of confusion. Most of all, they carry the truth of what happened to them in the war—aRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1369 Words   |  6 PagesMany authors use storytelling as a vehicle to convey the immortality of past selves and those who have passed to not only in their piece of literature but in their life as an author. In Tim O’Brien’s work of fiction The Things They Carried, through his final chapter â€Å"The Lives of the Dead,† O Brien conveys that writing is a matter of survival since, the powers of s torytelling can ensure the immortality of all those who were significant in his life. Through their immortality, O’Brien has the abilityRead MoreThe Things They Carried By Tim O Brien1407 Words   |  6 Pages       Our introduction stated that in â€Å"The Things They Carried,† author Tim O’Brien tells us not directly of the soldiers of Vietnam, or the situations they find themselves in, but about the things they carry on their shoulders and in their pockets. These â€Å"things† identify the characters and bring them to life.   I find that to be true as the author unfolds the stories about war and the uncommon things one carries in to war both inadvertently and on purpose.  Ã‚  Ã‚  As it was noted: Stories about war –

The Role of Modern Industrial Manager Free Essays

string(54) " and environment you could achieve excellent results\." MNGT352 Advanced Modern Management The role of a modern industrial manager Prashanth Balacumaresan (200679951) Word Count: 1965 A manager is someone in charge of an organisation or subunit. Many would fit the bill of a manager besides a chief executive, including coaches, bishops, foremen even presidents and prime ministers. What is the role of a manager? If you did ask someone in a managerial position what they did they would probably tell you that they plan, organize, coordinate and control. We will write a custom essay sample on The Role of Modern Industrial Manager or any similar topic only for you Order Now Mangers are persistent individuals and they perform their activities in concise, diverse manners. Study shows that most activities performed by chief executives last less than 9 minutes and only a small fraction of the time do activities last an hour long. The work pace for most chief executives and foremen are relentless, spending their whole day receiving calls and mail with every break interrupted by a subordinate looking for some sort of guidance (Mintzberg 1990). The role of an ideal manager should be a balance between the roles Mintzberg has described. This is because a manger is the commander in chief of an organisation and through this role he has contact to various interpersonal relationships. This gives his the opportunity to gain access to various sorts of information which would then enable him to put to good use by planning effective strategies, making decisions or implement in action (Waldron. M. W, Vasanthakumar. J Arulraj. S 1997). Managerial roles accentuates reasoning and control, and it does not matter whichever direction the focus is on, the manager should always look at ways to achieve results that would make positive impact and make people continue contributing to his or her organisation. In 1981 Arnaldo conducted a survey of hotel general managers by adapting Mintzberg approach to managerial behaviour. What he found out from this research was that a large majority of mangers viewed leadership as the most important role among the ten roles as proposed by Mintzberg. From this view leadership is an essential quality required for one who is a manager. (Zaleznik. A, 1978). The trait theory perspective suggests that certain individuals possess the qualities and characteristics that highlight them as natural born leaders and this is what will differentiate them from their subordinates. Northouse, P2010). Although this suggests that leadership is a quality that cannot be learnt but one that is acquired , (Worsfold,1989)it would give a person who is likely to take up a role as a manager an insight of the characteristics and qualities that are essential for a leader. Furthermore one need not necessarily stick to its outline as leadership is a role that allows an individual to show his or her unique abilities to command and influence others. (Hollander,1978). Project leadership is essentially defined as a process that fits into a managerial job that would take into consideration the requirement and perquisite of those people who decide to stand besides you to see the completion of a particular task. (Cleland,1995). Project leaders should not be too rigid and exercise authority over the situation within leadership criteria (Cleland and Ireland, 2007) but rather as Goetsch and Davies(2006, 254-255) say inspire individuals in making entire enthusiastic along with intentional dedication towards achieving company aims. Thus one does not need to be intellectually superior to be a manager but rather one need to be determinant, strong willed, analytical, intelligent and most importantly be tolerant. (Zaleznik. A ,1978). Kanji (2008) states leadership is defined as the conduct related by activities in taking charge signifying the immense difficulties faced by managers and professors. Therefore leadership is a variation of characteristics, principles, behaviour and attitude that acts as the key to long term performance of established organisations. (Lakshman, 2006). Having an action mindset about the work environment is another trait required by a manager. A popular visual metaphor indicates that an organisation is a chariot pulled by wild horses which represent the emotions, anticipation and ambitions and needs of people in the organisation. Keeping onto to the same track requires just as the same skill that is required to set off in an entirely new direction. Having an action mindset in this context would be to understand the nature of the situation and utilising the capabilities of the team helping to stay on and maintain direction. Gosling Mintzberg, 2003) Nearly all managerial decisions and actions are influenced by the assumptions made based on observation about human behaviour. Douglas McGregor published in his book The Human Side of Enterprise, two very unique ways of looking at human nature namely Theory X and Theory Y. McGregor also assumed that a typical manger should operate on the context that his employees are either Theory X or Th eory Y. Assumptions uch as these mould the manager’s perspective on his employees resulting in either a Theory X manager, who would assume a direct and harsh approach denying employees control over their work ,using an incentive based reward system to monitor performance and constantly supervise his employees or rather a Theory Y manager who would be more lenient towards his employees granting them positions of responsibility and structuring the work environment in a manner which would result in efficient methods to solve problems and increase productivity. McGregor ,1960) The Hawthorne experiments conducted by Elton Mayo from 1924 to 1934 prove this point by clearly illustrating that even when the working conditions were varied the team dynamics of the team remained the same. The women who participated in the experiment formed a cooperative relationship and responded spontaneously to this experiment. As they were not pushed or forced to do work, and every decision they made would influence their work they formed a sense of responsibility and worked spontaneously. The productivity increased and the workers remained happy. According to McGregor a manager’s perspective on their employees which could be either Theory X or Theory Y can influence their decisions. What managers need is their employees to perform well and given the right incentive and environment you could achieve excellent results. You read "The Role of Modern Industrial Manager" in category "Essay examples" The ideal Theory Y manager would instead of a directive management approach rather choose an approach which would actually involve giving employees positions of responsibility and forming mutually beneficial relationships. This is what was clearly emphasized by Mc Gregor as a core component of Management. What is lacking is most managers fail to understand this fact (Bobic. M. P Davis E. W). Human motivation in the workplace cannot be defined of falling into the category of either Theory X or Theory Y. It should be rather viewed as something more complicated which is rather a concoction of the two (Miner, 1980; Schein 1970). It has been observed by many through social interactions with managers over several years that most managers use a blend of theories X, Y and Z rather than sticking to the framework of one particular on (Sharma. S 1998). Self regulation is the process of mastering ones emotions. A person who has mastered their emotions would be adaptable to change and would not panic in a circumstance where change would influence his workplace. Self regulation is a key factor that would be influential in the workplace as due to the modern technological trend and competitiveness businesses and companies exist with a great of ambiguity and uncertainness. Companies merge and break at rapid paces and technology is not constant and it will change. Goleman,1998) currently most companies are adapting to advanced manufacturing technologies that are intended to optimize and improve performance in various aspects of the workplace. These are opportunity to revolutionize the way production processes. Large companies are already making the switch towards these innovations in order to enhance the performance and increase the positions in the global markets. (Tidd, 1991) Industries are constantly undergoing revolutionary t echnological change to transform them abound. Examples include switching from metal engine parts to ceramic and switching from lead acid to lithium ion in batteries. When these situations arise a self regulatory person would possess the dexterity to hold his judgement, seek information and adapt to the changes. Effective team working skills are one that is required of a manager. The ability to coordinate individual actions (Zaccaro, Rittman, and Marks 2001) and having a better communication structure among team members can greatly influence the performance of the effectiveness of the team. Team leaders who are encouraging and involve all members in team problem solving enable collective information processing that maximises the teams effectiveness. Zaccaro et al. ) Good managers enable their teams to remain goal oriented, ensure a collaborative setting for the team members, build confidence, demonstrate technical skills, set their priorities, manage performance expectations and bring back excellent results. (LaFasto, Larson 2001). Essentially team leaders, who set high performance goals, demonstrate a clear set of strategies and push their team m embers to their full potentials will display higher team efficiency and cohesion rather than team leaders who do not involve themselves in such tasks. Zaccaro et al. ) Motivation is also a key role for the manager. He or she must be themselves be motivated to perform the task at hand and meanwhile they should be able to motivate the team by keeping the team morale upHow a manager motivates his employees could be varied according to the approach he or she takes. Firstly there is the KITA approach which literally translates as kick in the pants which can either be a negative or a positive approach depending on the manager. Negative KITA is a direct action approach, and it has its drawbacks of being physically confronting which can build up negativity among the employees and the manager. There is also the softer positive approach which is considered as a seduction technique which is the promise of incentive to the employee which can get them to produce good work. (Hertzberg, 1968) This is supported by the expectancy theory that proposes the idea that people work harder depending on the size of the reward. (Mullins, 2007). According to Fredrick Hertzberg motivation relies on two factors firstly the hygiene factors that deal with factors such as working conditions, job security etc and the motivator factors. An employee would usually expect the hygiene factors to be implemented in the workplace as these are factors that help an individual to settle down in an environment. Taking these away from an employee would automatically make him or her dissatisfied and hence de-motivated to work. The other motivator factors are based on an individual’s desire to be better and rise above others. These include status, recognition and sense of achievement. Let us take the company Innocent Drinks for example. They motivate their staff by providing a working environment which is pleasant i. e. the inclusion of trees inside the offices and having Astroturf floors. They also provide free breakfast, a team weekend every year and also scholarships of ? 1000 to employees to fund personal projects such as taking a course etc. Even in their weekly meetings they make their staff feel valuable and this way Innocent helps to keep its staff happy. This is a good model of How Hertzberg’s hygiene and motivational factors have been taken into account and keep employees motivated. (Caterer research how to motivate staff 2011) Mc Clelland’s achievement motivation theory categorizes the people who want to achieve. These people were motivated by intrinsic factors such as goals and aspirations of the individual rather than extrinsic factors such as salary etc. These sorts of people were identified by their affinity to perform difficult put potentially achievable goals, and their like to take risks. These are the sorts of characteristics expected in a manager. In conclusion what should be stated is that all these qualities may not be present in a manager but in general a good manager would be an ideal blend of some of these characteristics. These would not necessarily be outwardly showed but when the situation arises if one could perform that is what is essential. This is the internal meaning of the quote â€Å"Cometh the hour, cometh the man†. Bibliography Arnaldo, M (1981) ‘Hotel general managers: a profile’, The Cornell H. R. A. Quarterly November, 53-56. Bobic M. P and Davis E. W A Kind Word for Theory X: Or Why many New Fangled Management Techniques quickly fail. Cleland, D. I. (1995). Leadership and the project management body of knowledge. International Journal of Project Management, 13(2): 83-88. Cleland, D. I. and Ireland, L. R. (2007). Project Management: Strategie Design and Implementation (5th), Boston: McGraw-Hill. Goleman. D (1998) What Makes a Leader? Harvard Business Review pp. 92-102 Gosling J Mintzberg H(2003) The Five Minds of a Manager (Cover Story) Harvard Business Review 81(11) ,54-63 Goetsch, D. L. and Davis, S. B. (2006). Quality Management: Introduction to Total Quality Management for Production, Processing, and Services (5), New Jersey: Pearson Education International. Hertzberg F. (1987) One More Time: How do you Motivate Employees Harvard Business vol 46 issue 1 Review pp. 53-62 Hollander, E (1978) ‘Leadership Dynamics: A Practical Guide to Effective Relationships’, Free Press: New York. Kanji, GK. (2008). Leadership is prime: How do you measure Leadership Excellence? Total Quality Management Business Excellence, 19(4): 417-427. LaFasto F Larson C (2001) When Teams Work Best Thousand Oaks CA:SAGE Lakshman, C. (2006). A Theory of Leadership for Quality: Lessons from TQM for Leadership Theory. Total Quality Management Business Excellence, 17(1): 41-60. Mayo, E. (1933) The Human Problems of an Industrial Civilization, Macmillan. Mc Gregor. D (1960) The Human Side of Enterprise New York Mc-Graw Hill McClelland, D. (1967) The Achieving Society, The Free Press, Miner J. B (1980). Theory of organisational behaviour. Hinsdale, IL; Dryden Press Mullins J (2007) Management and Organisational Behaviour 8th Edition Northouse, P (2010) ‘Leadership: Theory and Practice 5th Edition’, Sage Publications: London. Schien E (1970) Organisational Psychology (2nd ed. ) Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall Sharma. S (1998) Enlightened Leadership in Indian Ethos: The way of Theory K. Management Change Vol 2 No 1 ,January- June 1998, pp. 93-104. Tidd. J (1991) Flexible Manufacturing Technologies and International Competitiveness, London: Pinter Waldron M. W, Vasanthakumar J and Arulraj. S. 1997) Improving the organization and management of extension. In Swanson. B. E Improving Agricultural Extension: A reference manual Worsfold, P (1989) ‘Leadership and managerial effectiveness in the hospitality industry’, International Journal of Hospitality Management, 8(2), 145-155. Zaccaro. S J, Rittman A. L Marks M. A (2001) Team Leadership. Leadership Quarterly 12 451-483 Zalenik,A (1978) Managers and leaders:are they different? Mckinsey Quarterly,(1), p 2-22 http. //www. catererresearch. com/Articles/2006/06/15/307200/how-to-motivate staff. html [Accessed 21/11/11] How to cite The Role of Modern Industrial Manager, Essay examples

Organizational Learning Creating Retaining and System

Question: Discuss about the Organizational Learning for Creating Retaining and System. Answer: Introduction: I work at Pumpkin Patch in Auckland. It was in the midst of the complete of the year, and the Chairman requested all divisions to venture up with respect to considering new leaders in the workplaces, team leaders and representatives. The present leaders in the school thought about the movement of the all the team leaders, managers and operators hold social occasions with their individual teams to begin the action as fast as could be normal in light of the current situation. The key activities included working up a movement of choices from the proposed individuals who may lead in the following year. The social occasions were held at different conditions whereby the leaders were required to exhort the people from the unmistakable get-togethers of the inspiration driving the get-togethers and what they are required to do. The primary time of the social affairs was done after the leaders in the teams announced that the year is finish and new leaders for the school ought to be picked in the different divisions. This left the leadership positions purge and was proclaimed that new leaders to be picked (Turner 2014). New races began with each social event settling on decisions on who will lead them in the following year. I was in the marketing division whereby we were picking the team leader and the specialists. All people in the get-together considered different recommendations on how the leaders were to be picked. Some of them prescribed that choice of individuals would be done through climbing of hand for those supporting a specific individual for the particular position. Others suggested that a surveying station would be the most sensible procedure for finishing the race. Others said that the leaders would be picked through picking of made numbers with which each of the individuals will pick a made number to begin with one to five. The individual picking number one will be the team leader and the second will be the operator. The past team leader recommended that leaders of the team be picked in perspective of authenticity. The people who have worked for the affiliation and in the workplace fo r a long time would be given the principle should be picked as leaders. The particular suggestions made conflicts among the people in light of the way that different people maintained unmistakable hopefuls. A crisis developed when the race couldn't continue in light of the way that the social affair people couldn't agree. The people were not willing to partake in the race since it twisted up obviously difficult to pick their choice of leader. They showed up not roused in picking the experts since they would not think about a suggestion that they would agree on. This transformed into a significant issue for the workplace since the people from the team couldn't finish the choices as required. The races were put off as answers for the issue were taken to the board for discussion on a harmonious strategy for passing on choices of leaders in the affiliation (Gelfandet al. 2012). Motivation/Reinforcement: Bingham and Connor (2015) portrays learning as the transformative method of taking in information thatwhen masked and mixed with what we have experiencedchanges what we know and develops what we do. It relies on upon data, process, and reflection. It is what moves us. Learning theoriesgive an instructive/andragogical explanation behind perceiving how our understudies learn. Every speculative perspective offers points of interest to planners however the perspectives must be taken into setting depending on the condition, execution goal(s), and learners (Jonassen and Land 2012).In the circumstance delineated in undertaking one; there are two learning theories that are related to the depicted event. They fuse the social learning theory and likewise the organizational learningtheory. Social learning theory is a theory that attempts to elucidate socialization and its effect on the headway of the self (Cherry 2012). There are different theories that clear up how people wind up observably socialized, including functionalism,psychoanalytic theory, symbolic interaction theoryandconflict theory. Social learning theory, like these others, looks singular learning process, the course of action of self, and the effect of society in socializing individuals (Schunkand Zimmerman2012). Social learning theory considers the game plan of one's identity to be an academic response to social lifts. It underscores the societal setting of socialization rather than the individual identity. This theory recommends that an individual's identity is not the aftereffect of the unmindful, (for instance, the conviction of psychoanalytic researchers), yet rather is essentially the outcome of showing in light of the cravings of others. Practices and miens make in light of reinforcement and support from the all-inclusive community around us. While social learning researchers perceive that adolescent experience is basic, they also assume that the identity people pick up is confined more by the practices and attitudes of others (Brauer and Tittle 2012). Social learning theory has its establishments in mind look into and was shaped uncommonly by advisor Albert Bandura. Sociologists routinely use social learning theory to understand wrongdoing and irregularity (Rosenthal and Zimmerman 201 4). Two of the most indispensable supporters of the field of organizational learning theory have been Chris Argrys and Donald Schon. Organizational learning (OL), according to Argrys and Schon is a consequence of organizational demand. This suggests at whatever point expected outcome contrasts from certified outcome, an individual (or social occasion) will participate in demand to appreciate and, if basic, comprehend this inconsistency. Amid the time spent organizational demand, the individual will connect with various people from the affiliation and learning will happen. Learning is along these lines a prompt aftereffect of this interaction. Argrys and Schon stretch that this interaction consistently goes well past portrayed organizational standards and frameworks. There has been expansion of advance on the movement of organizational learning theory and the relationship has been referred as standard based, history ward, and target arranged. While lessons from history are secured in the organizational memory, the event itself is routinely lost. OL is transmitted through socialization, preparing, and pantomime and so on, and can change after some time likewise of understandings of history (Argote 2012). This theory applies in the circumstance of picking leaders at the Pumpkin Patch whereby the individual learning of the peculiar people from the social affair were not gotten, and they finished together clearly reluctant to partake in the choice work out. Team dynamics: Team dynamics is portrayed as the qualities/capable methods that by and large work in teams and impacts in the execution of the team and satisfaction of its people. Team's dynamics is clear in the circumstance of picking leaders in the affiliation. Individuals among the team usually interface whereby the exercises of the people are affected by others. There is a necessity for understanding the direct surprisingly in the team to keep up a key separation from conflicts occurring among the people. Team's lead is considered of prime hugeness in team dynamics. Considering the circumstance, team people in the distinctive assets were experiencing team dynamics. The marketing division people experienced conflicts in this way of team dynamics. Particular people had different points of view on how the race of leaders ought to be finished (Levi2015). A team is described as included no less than two individuals partner reliantly and getting together with the true objective of finishing specific targets. In a relationship, there can be formal and easy-going teams (Percet al. 2013). In the circumstance at Pumpkin Patch, the affiliation includes both formal and easy-going teams. The teams in the distinctive divisions are formal since they are made with the true objective of fulfilling specific focuses in the affiliation. For example, the production team contains team people from the workplace who get together with the ultimate objective of orchestrating and settling on decisions that are related to the division. If there should arise an occurrence of choices, the team people were away to accomplish the objective of picking leaders who may lead the team in the following year. Murphey et al. (2012) depict that team dynamics as a rule effect the lead of individual people in the team and furthermore the team all things considered. Team dynamics can be cleared up using models of team dynamics like the Homan's model and the Bales structure. The models are appropriate to the working of teams inside an affiliation. The Homan's model portrays that a team includes a couple of parts including activity, affiliation and feeling. The affiliation circumstance, the teams that were made, had a development to grasp. The present activity was to pick leaders. They interfaced in the midst of the choice, and the people had different conclusions in their viewpoints of how the races should be done. The comparability of the parts chooses the team ampleness. In our circumstance, the segments of collaborations, activities and conclusions were not immaculate therefore sufficiency in the team in achieving the set target was affected (Turner2014). As for Bales structure, the team direct in the circumstance can be analysed using the Bales system. It gives twelve classes which the team lead can be poor down as either having a place with the endeavour scope of the socially troubled region. In the request got some data about undertaking and answers tried in the task area, the activities in the race circumstance in the association can be sorted as asking suggestion and giving proposition in team lead. In the enthusiastic social range, the team lead can be delineated as negative reactions in light of the way that the people were in strife and not prepared to surrender to one proposal. Using the model, one can research the dynamics in the team and perceive the purpose behind the issues inside the working of the team (Parsons 2013). Communication: The circumstance at Pumpkin Patch can be bankrupt down in association with communication in groups. From the choice circumstance of the workforce to pick new leaders, one can portray that there was no proper communication among the group people. Clearly, nonappearance of communication inside the group incited strife among the group people, and the races were deferred by virtue of the distinction among the people (Garvey2014). Communication in groups is affected by different components. Like this, it is basic for group people to grasp that communication in the group may be mind boggling and they need to create themselves so as to keep up a vital separation from adverse impact on the group yields. While picking their leaders, people in the team did not consider the importance of effective communication among the group people. This is the reason a distinction happened, and the races were not grasped (Wolebenet al. 2012). Better communication on groups is refined when the people consider it imperative, tune in and share, are indisputable and orchestrate. In the circumstance, it is obvious that better communication was not refined among the group people in the staff of exchange. The communication showed up not vital in light of the way that each part had their recommendations and required them to be considered for choice. The people did not give the meeting beginning time for trade on the activities that were happening. In spite of the way that the people were allowed to participate in the race strategy, they didn't achieve satisfaction in the communication method. Each group part was not versatile with the suggestion they made, and an issue of meeting up at an ultimate decision was an issue (Grunig2013). In group communication, people are required to have an understanding of the impeding parts. Fujishin (2013) mean that people should perceive the necessity for strong ties and any social preoccupations that may affect strong communication. Awesome communication in groups is upset by how much the group people talk, to whom they talk, paying little respect to whether they talk straightforwardly or defensively and the sum they tune in. The marketing team group people seemed, by all accounts, to be controlled by these segments in the midst of their group communication. The people talked more than they tuned into each other. They talked defensively with each asking for their proposal to be considered as the intelligent system for finishing the choices. This quelled the group people from getting in contact at an assention, and a dispute was unpreventable. In group communication, the level of communication, for the most part, depends on upon the individual needs of individuals, and moreover, goals appeared differently in relation to the prerequisites and targets of the group. It depends on upon individual character, part and the furthermore picture inside the group, group cohesiveness and soul. The effect and control of vitality, closeness, and affirmation by the other group people moreover chooses the level of group communication. In the choice of leader's circumstance in Pumpkin Patch, there was a low level of communication among the group people from the marketing team inside the affiliation. The group people were more stressed with individual needs and targets rather that the group needs and destinations (Guffey and Loewy2012). Recommendations Learning Team dynamics Communication To direct motivation inside the circumstance of picking leaders, it is recommended that: To begin with, fulfil particular learning of the get-together people Take all people suggestions as basic Engage in strange condition of affiliation and openness among the get-together people while analysing the issue to facilitate learning Develop a learning environment inside the social affair to stimulate obligation among the team people Ensure people appreciate the learning achievements of the get-together and work towards achieving the goals Coordinated effort among the people to be impeccable with the learning activities To improve team working/dynamics, there is a need to: Invigorate positive joint efforts among team people Keep up a vital separation from part competition in the team Have a learning of direct inside the team and how to reinforce positive team lead Bolster part team cohesiveness Set clear team benchmarks that should be trailed by all people Set benchmarks and approach that are appropriate and indispensable in controlling the occasion of disputes and fundamental leadership in the team Thought should be given to the whole condition considering the errands and what's more the team people To upgrade communication in the circumstance, there is a necessity for: Encouraging pack people to have an accentuation on social occasion targets and not solitary goals Having a carful relationship of the social occasion and its people Mastermind bundle social affairs earlier early before the noteworthy meeting for the choices Allow all people to appreciate the race system Bolster flexibility in the proposals made Incite gathering people not to remain inflexible with their recommendations Encouraging bundle people to ensure assemble think and land at an understanding. 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